A energia eólica pode produzir 12% da demanda energética mundial e evitar a emissão de 10 bilhões de toneladas de CO2 em 12 anos, de acordo com o relatório Panorama de Energia Eólica Global 2008 (Global Wind Energy Outlook 2008), elaborado em parceria pelo Conselho Global de Energia Eólica (GWEC, na sigla em inglês) e Greenpeace. O estudo traça cenários para o potencial de energia eólica até 2050 e explica como a energia pode suprir até 30% da eletricidade mundial até lá, evitando a emissão de 1,5 bilhões de toneladas de CO2 por ano.
"Temos apenas alguns anos para conseguir reduzir as emissões globais de CO2 e a energia eólica tem um papel chave neste processo. Nenhuma outra tecnologia chega perto desse objetivo, considerando a capacidade de geração, as baixas emissões e a rapidez de implantação", disse o Secretário Geral do GWEC, Steve Sawyer.
Fonte: http://www.greenpeace.org/brasil/pt/Noticias/e-licas-podem-reduzir-emiss-o/
domingo, 29 de maio de 2011
sábado, 7 de maio de 2011
O verde além do gramado
Os estádios brasileiros buscam um selo ecológico para a Copa de 2014
Ainda não é uma exigência da Fifa, mas os estádios brasileiros que vão sediar a Copa de 2014 já estão atrás de um selo ambiental. Estima-se que, se seguirem às normas das certificadoras, seja possível reduzir em até 50% o consumo de água e de energia nesses edifícios. Quatro arenas já deram início ao processo de certificação no Brasil. Outras seis estão interessadas em reduzir seu impacto no meio ambiente. Elas têm duas opções de selos. Um deles é o Aqua, da Fundação Vanzolini, específico para complexos esportivos. O outro é o Leed, da ONG Green Building Council Brasil.
Nesta ilustração, listamos os principais quesitos de um estádio com menor impacto ambiental e veja no canto superior direito aonde a energia eólica aparece.
Ilustração: http://epoca.globo.com/infograficos/631_diagrama.html
Fonte: Revista Época 21 de junho de 2010 pág. 34-35.
Ainda não é uma exigência da Fifa, mas os estádios brasileiros que vão sediar a Copa de 2014 já estão atrás de um selo ambiental. Estima-se que, se seguirem às normas das certificadoras, seja possível reduzir em até 50% o consumo de água e de energia nesses edifícios. Quatro arenas já deram início ao processo de certificação no Brasil. Outras seis estão interessadas em reduzir seu impacto no meio ambiente. Elas têm duas opções de selos. Um deles é o Aqua, da Fundação Vanzolini, específico para complexos esportivos. O outro é o Leed, da ONG Green Building Council Brasil.
Nesta ilustração, listamos os principais quesitos de um estádio com menor impacto ambiental e veja no canto superior direito aonde a energia eólica aparece.
Ilustração: http://epoca.globo.com/infograficos/631_diagrama.html
Fonte: Revista Época 21 de junho de 2010 pág. 34-35.
Potência gerada através de energia eólica no mundo
Desde 1990, a utilização da energia eólica só tem aumentado para suprir a necessidade de energia elétrica de cada vez mais pessoas de forma limpa, sendo utilizados geradores cada vez maiores para suprir tais necessidades.
Fonte: http://www.cresesb.cepel.br/index.php?link=/tutorial/tutorial_eolica.htm
| PAÍS | Potência acumulada ao final de cada ano [MW] | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998 | 1997 | |
| Estados Unidos | 25.170,0 | 16.818,8 | 11.603,0 | 9.149,0 | 6.752,0 | 6.352,0 | 4.685,0 | 4.258,0 | 2.564,0 | 2.534,0 | 1.820,0 | 1.673,0 |
| Alemanha | 23.902,8 | 22.247,4 | 20.622,0 | 18.427,5 | 16.628,0 | 14.609,0 | 12.400,0 | 8.754,0 | 6.095,0 | 4.443,0 | 2.875,0 | 2.081,0 |
| Espanha | 16.740,3 | 15.145,1 | 11.630,0 | 10.027,9 | 8.263,0 | 6.202,0 | 4.830,0 | 3.337,0 | 2.535,0 | 1.542,0 | 834,0 | 512,0 |
| China | 12.210,0 | 5.912,0 | 2.599,0 | 1.266,0 | 764,0 | 566,0 | 468,0 | 404,0 | 352,0 | 262,0 | 500,0 | 166,0 |
| Índia | 9.587,0 | 7.850,0 | 6.270,0 | 4.430,0 | 2.983,0 | 2.120,0 | 1.702,0 | 1.500,0 | 1.260,0 | 1.035,0 | 992,0 | 940,0 |
| Itália | 3.736,0 | 2.726,1 | 2.123,4 | 1.718,3 | 1.265,0 | 891,0 | 785,0 | 697,0 | 427,0 | 183,0 | 178,0 | 103,0 |
| França | 3.404,0 | 2.455,0 | 1.567,0 | 757,2 | 390,0 | 240,0 | 131,0 | 116,0 | 63,0 | 25,0 | 21,0 | 10,0 |
| Reino Unido | 3.287,9 | 2.389,0 | 1.962,9 | 1.353,0 | 897,0 | 704,0 | 552,0 | 483,0 | 409,0 | 347,0 | 333,0 | 319,0 |
| Dinamarca | 3.160,0 | 3.125,0 | 3.136,0 | 3.128,0 | 3.118,0 | 3.115,0 | 2.880,0 | 2.534,0 | 2.415,0 | 1.771,0 | 1.383,0 | 1.148,0 |
| Portugal | 2.862,0 | 2.130,0 | 1.716,0 | 1.022,0 | 523,0 | 299,0 | 194,0 | 153,0 | 111,0 | 61,0 | 51,0 | 38,0 |
| Canadá | 2.369,0 | 1.846,0 | 1.460,0 | 683,0 | 444,0 | 326,0 | 221,0 | 198,0 | 137,0 | 125,0 | 82,0 | 25,0 |
| Holanda | 2.225,0 | 1.747,0 | 1.559,0 | 1.224,0 | 1.078,0 | 912,0 | 686,0 | 497,0 | 442,0 | 411,0 | 361,0 | 319,0 |
| Japão | 1.880,0 | 1.528,0 | 1.309,0 | 1.040,0 | 940,0 | 644,0 | 415,0 | 316,0 | 142,0 | 68,0 | 30,0 | 18,0 |
| Austrália | 1.494,0 | 817,3 | 817,3 | 579,0 | 380,0 | 198,0 | 104,0 | 71,0 | 30,0 | 9,0 | 9,0 | 11,0 |
| Irlanda | 1.244,7 | 805,0 | 746,0 | 495,2 | 353,0 | 225,0 | 137,0 | 125,0 | 119,0 | 73,0 | 73,0 | 53,0 |
| Suécia | 1.066,9 | 831,0 | 571,2 | 509,1 | 442,0 | 399,0 | 328,0 | 290,0 | 241,0 | 215,0 | 174,0 | 122,0 |
| Áustria | 994,9 | 981,5 | 964,5 | 819,0 | 607,0 | 415,0 | 139,0 | 95,0 | 77,0 | 42,0 | 30,0 | 20,0 |
| Grécia | 989,7 | 873,3 | 757,6 | 573,3 | 466,0 | 398,0 | 276,0 | 299,0 | 274,0 | 158,0 | 55,0 | 29,0 |
| Polônia | 472,0 | 276,0 | 153,0 | 73,0 | 58,0 | 58,0 | 27,0 | 51,0 | 5,0 | 5,0 | 5,0 | 2,0 |
| Noruega | 428,0 | 333,0 | 325,0 | 268,0 | 160,0 | 112,0 | 97,0 | 17,0 | 13,0 | 9,0 | 9,0 | 4,0 |
| Egito | 390,0 | 310,0 | 230,0 | 145,0 | 145,0 | 69,0 | 69,0 | 69,0 | 69,0 | 36,0 | 6,0 | 5,0 |
| Bélgica | 383,6 | 286,9 | 194,3 | 167,4 | 97,0 | 68,0 | 44,0 | 31,0 | 13,0 | 6,0 | 6,0 | 4,0 |
| Taiwan | 358,2 | 279,9 | 187,7 | 103,7 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Brasil | 338,5 | 247,1 | 236,9 | 28,6 | 28,6 | 28,6 | 24,0 | 24,0 | 22,0 | 17,0 | 17,0 | 3,0 |
| Turquia | 333,4 | 206,8 | 64,6 | 20,1 | 20,0 | 20,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 9,0 | 9,0 | - |
| Nova Zelândia | 325,3 | 321,8 | 171,0 | 168,2 | 170,0 | 38,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 35,0 | 24,0 | 24,0 | 4,0 |
| Coréia do Sul | 278,0 | 192,1 | 176,3 | 119,1 | 8,0 | 8,0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 2,0 |
| Bulgária | 157,5 | 56,9 | 36,0 | 14,0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| República Tcheca | 150,0 | 116,0 | 56,5 | 29,5 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Finlândia | 140,0 | 110,0 | 86,0 | 82,0 | 82,0 | 47,0 | 41,0 | 39,0 | 39,0 | 18,0 | 18,0 | 12,0 |
| Hungria | 127,0 | 65,0 | 60,9 | 17,5 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Marrocos | 125,2 | 125,2 | 64,0 | 64,0 | 54,0 | 54,0 | 54,0 | 54,0 | 54,0 | 14,0 | nd | nd |
| Ucrânia | 90,0 | 89,0 | 85,6 | 77,3 | 57,0 | 51,0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 5,0 |
| México | 85,0 | 85,0 | 84,0 | 2,2 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Irã | 82,0 | 66,5 | 47,4 | 31,6 | 11,0 | 11,0 | 11,0 | 11,0 | 11,0 | 11,0 | 11,0 | 11,0 |
| Estónia | 78,3 | 58,6 | 33,0 | 33,0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Costa Rica | 74,0 | 74,0 | 74,0 | 71,0 | 71,0 | 71,0 | 71,0 | 71,0 | 51,0 | 51,0 | 27,0 | 20,0 |
| Lituânia | 54,4 | 52,3 | 55,0 | 7,0 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Luxemburgo | 35,3 | 35,3 | 35,3 | 35,3 | 35,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 9,0 | 9,0 | 2,0 |
| Letónia | 30,0 | 27,4 | 27,4 | 27,4 | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| Argentina | 29,8 | 29,8 | 27,8 | 26,8 | 26,0 | 26,0 | 27,0 | 27,0 | 16,0 | 14,0 | 14,0 | 9,0 |
| Outros Países | 298,2 | 254,7 | 225,2 | 210,9 | 239,0 | 141,0 | 569,0 | 337,0 | 394,0 | 405,0 | 197,0 | 22,0 |
| Total | 121.188 | 93.927 | 74.151 | 59.024 | 47.555 | 39.434 | 32.037 | 24.927 | 18.449 | 13.932 | 10.153 | 7.692 |
Fonte: http://www.cresesb.cepel.br/index.php?link=/tutorial/tutorial_eolica.htm
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